EGR and Emulsified Fuel Combination Effects on the Combustion, Performance, and NOx Emissions in Marine Diesel Engines

Techniques such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and water-in-fuel emulsions (WFEs) can significantly decrease NOx emissions in diesel engines. As a disadvantage of adopting EGR, the afterburning period lengthens owing to shortage oxygen, lowering thermal efficiency. Meanwhile, WFEs slightly reduce phase without severely compromising Therefore, EGR–WFE combination was modeled utilizing KIVA-3V code along with GT power experimental results. The findings indicated that combining EGR is an efficient technique enhance Under state, NO product evenly lowered. In WFE, considerable amount created near front edge combustion flame. Additionally, squish flow from piston’s up–down movement improved fuel–air mixing, production increased result, particularly at high injection pressure. Using low oxygen concentration reduced while increasing For instance, using 16% 40% water emulsion, 94% drop 4% improvement Indicated Mean Effective Pressure were obtained concurrently. This research proposes minimize maintaining